Why it matters
Founded by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC, Alexandria was one of the great cities of the ancient world, with a famed library and the Pharos lighthouse. Little of that remains above ground, but the city has a distinct, faded Mediterranean charm unlike the rest of Egypt.
What to see
- Bibliotheca Alexandrina. The modern library, opened in 2002, is a striking building with reading rooms, museums and exhibitions.
- The Citadel of Qaitbay. A 15th-century sea fort built on or near the site of the old lighthouse.
- The Catacombs of Kom el Shoqafa. A Roman-era burial complex blending Egyptian, Greek and Roman styles.
- The Roman Amphitheatre and Pompey’s Pillar. Quick, atmospheric stops.
- The corniche. A walk by the sea and fish for lunch.
Planning notes
- The drive or train from Cairo takes roughly two and a half to three hours.
- It suits travellers who want a change of mood from temples.
How we plan it
We add Alexandria as an overnight at the start or end of a Cairo stay, or as a long private day trip.